Drawing GlossaryBlending - The process of smudging graphite on purpose with a brush, stump, or some other tool to make it look smoother, blend values, or create textual effects.
Hatching - The process of laying down pencil marks next to each other on paper. Hatch marks can be placed close together or farther apart to create various textures and values.
Modeling - The way light washes over an object to create the highlights and shadows that give the object form.
Paper Texture - Drawing paper comes in different textures. Paper marked "smooth" or "medium" is suitable for graphite pencil drawing. Paper marked "rough" is better suited for charcoal and carbon pencil drawing, although it can be used with graphite to create specific effects.
Pencil Grade - Same a Pencil Hardness.
Pencil Hardness - Ground graphite is mixed with various proportions of clay to create different lead hardness. The higher the percentage of clay, the less graphite is present and the harder the lead is. A hard lead (H) creates a light line and a soft one (B) creates a dark line.
Here's a chart showing pencil hardness with standard numbers:
| Extremely Hard - 9H to 7H |
. |
| Very Hard - 6H to 5H |
. |
| Hard - 4H to 3H |
. |
| Medium Hard - 2H to H |
. |
| Medium - F to HB |
. |
| Medium Soft - B to 2B |
. |
| Soft - 3B to 4B |
. |
| Very Soft - 5B to 6B |
. |
|
Extremely Soft - 7B to 9B
|
. |
Value - Lightness or darkness of any particular area. Also referred to as highlight and shadow. A value scale can be used to see and draw values correctly.
Value Pattern - The pattern of light and dark areas that make up a modeled form. Sometimes the value pattern is best seen by squinting the eyes to blur distracting details.
Value Scale - Steps or graduations of shades of gray arranged next to each other. Usually used to help find and adjust values as a drawing is made. | 
